AI requires enormous computing capacity, and that computing capacity requires electricity. Before electricity reaches a data centre’s servers and advanced chipsets, it may be converted several times into different currents and voltage levels. Each conversion can result in some energy loss, which can add up across the entire power architecture.

Medium-voltage solid-state power units are designed to simplify that journey. These power-electronic systems convert medium-voltage alternating current (AC) from the electric grid directly into the lower-voltage direct current (DC) used by data centre systems. By reducing the number of AC-to-DC conversion steps, the technology can simplify data centre power systems.

Manufacturers need a clear safety path

“AI is changing how data centres are designed and powered,” said Jennifer Scanlon, president and CEO of UL Solutions. “Manufacturers need a clear safety certification path for these key innovations as they develop the technology supporting that change. Our programme provides an independent framework that helps them build safety into their products from the start.”

Sometimes called medium-voltage solid-state transformers, these units perform a function similar to conventional transformers but use power electronics to convert and lower the voltage. As AI computing drives unprecedented power demands, solid-state transformers are helping redefine data centre electrical infrastructure by enabling direct medium-voltage-to-800 VDC conversion, reducing system complexity, and improving the efficiency and reliability of power delivery. The UL Solutions programme provides manufacturers with a defined process to demonstrate that this emerging equipment meets safety requirements.

The certification programme is based on UL 2877, the Outline for Investigation for Power Supplies, Medium Voltage. It supports key equipment for data centers transitioning from traditional 400-volt alternating current power systems to emerging 800-volt direct current power systems.

Addressing potential fire and safety hazards

The requirements address potential electrical and fire risks associated with equipment that handles large amounts of power. Evaluations cover electrical protection, insulation, grounding, enclosures, safety interlocks, wiring and product markings. Evaluations also examine how equipment performs under high temperatures, excessive electrical loads, voltage spikes and short circuit current testing.

“Medium-voltage solid-state power units can serve as a critical link between the electricity entering a data centre and the systems powering its advanced computing equipment,” said Jeff Smidt, senior vice president of Industrial Testing, Inspection and Certification at UL Solutions. “Independent certification helps manufacturers demonstrate that their products meet defined safety requirements and gives data centre operators and code authorities clearer information when evaluating this new technology.”